Kiln



'0. E. CARPENTER.

KILN.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20. 1919.

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

5 SHEETSSHE ET C. E. CARPENTER.

1,349,185, PaLfientedAug. 10,1920.

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C. E. CARPENTER.

Kym. APPLICATIONHLED NOV. 20, 1919.

1,349,185. Patented Au 10,1920.

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KILN.

' APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20, 1919. 1,349,185.

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Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

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KILN.

APPLIEATION FlLED NOV. 20.1919.

1,349, 1 85, Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

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CHARLES E. CARPENTER, POSTVILLE, IOWA.

KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

Application filed November 20, 1919. Serial No. 339,353.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES E. CARPEN- TER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Postville, in the county of Allamakee and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Kilns; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in. the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates generally to kilns of the down draft type, and more particularly to the bottoms for kilns of this character.

One object of the invention is to provide a kiln bottom with a novel arrangement of fines and dampers by which the heated gases may be controlled to pass to any part of the kiln. The bricks or other ware placed in the kiln may thus be effectively and unifornily burned throughout.

. Another object of the invention is to generally improve upon kilns of this class by the provision of a comparatively simple and inexpensive construction, one which will be ethcient and reliable inoperation, and well adapted to the purpose for which it is designed. 5

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists of thenovel features of construction, and the combination and arrangement of parts as will be hereinafter fully described andclaimed.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of the specification and in which similar reference characters designate like parts throughout the several views,

Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view through a kiln constructed in accordance with this invention, said View being taken on the plane indicated by the line 1-1 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 2 is a similar view taken substantially on the planes indicated by the irregular line 22 of Fig. 4c.

Fig. 3 is a similar view taken on the plane indicated by the line 33 of Fig. at.

Fig. 4 is a central vertical sectional view through the kiln taken on the cated by the line let of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but taken on a plane at right angles to the kiln and indicated by the line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view through a portion of the wall of the kiln and through plane indi one of the furnaces thereof taken on the plane indicated by the line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view taken on the lines 7-7 of F igs. 1 and 6, and

Figs. 8 and 9 are detail sectional views taken on the planes indicated by the lines 8 and 99 respectively of Fig. 1.

The kiln illustrated in the above described drawings is of the down draft type and consists of a circular wall 1 provided at two diametrically opposite sides with doors 2 through which entrance to the interior of the kiln may be obtained. Arranged in the wall 1 and spaced apart at suitable distances are furnaces or fire boxes 3. These are constructed in a well known manner and the gases issuing from the same are directed into the interior of the kiln by means of upwardly extending flues 4 commonly known as bags.

The kiln bottom which forms the subject matter of the present invention consists of a pair of crossed or diametrical flues 5 and 6 formed by spaced upright walls 7 and 8 respectively, and an annular or continuous flue 9 formed by the walll and an upright wall 10 spaced inwardly from the wall 1. The flue 5, being what may be termed the main flue extends diametrically across the bottom of the kiln and communicates at its ends with diametrically opposite sides of the annular flue 9 by means of openings 11. The flue 6 which may be termed a transverse flue to distinguish it from the main flue crosses the central part of the latter and communicates with said main flue at its point of intersection with the same and also with the annular flue 9. The transverse flue (3 is preferably disposed at right angles to the main flue 5.

One end of the transverse flue 6 is enlarged in width and extends exteriorly of the kiln to a smoke stack 12. Disposed in this enlarged portion of the flue 6 adjacent the points where the annular flue 9 enters the same is an upright and longitudinally extending wall 13. The inner end of this wall 13 is disposed inwardly of the points of communication of the annular flue 9 with the enlarged portion of the flue 6, and the outer end of the wall 13 is disposed a considerable distance outwardly of these points. Arranged between the wall 13 adjacent the outer end of the same and the walls 8 of the enlarged portion of the flue 6 is a pair of independent dampers 1 1 which control the passage of the gases through the two portions of the flue 6 formedby said wall 13. A third damper 15 disposed between the walls 8 of the enlarged portion of the.

flue 6 at a point behind the outer end of the wall 13, provides a means for controlling the draft through the entire kiln and all of the flues therein.

The transverse flue 6 is closed at the top, while the main flue Band annular flue 9 are open at the top, this result being accomplished by constructing arches 16 and 17 in the walls of the flues 5 and 9 respectively. Openings 18 and 19 are formed between the arches 16 and 17 respectively. As clearly shown by Fig. 2 of the drawings, the arches 16 and 17 are disposed in longitudinal alinement with one another. Supported upon these arches 16 and 17 are spaced parallel walls 20 having therebetween spaced parallel flues 21 which lead directly into the flues 5 and 9 through the openings 18 and 19 respectively and which have open tops. The spaces between the Walls 7, 8 and 10 of the flues 5, 6 and 9 respectively are filled with earth and covered with two substantially semi-circular floors of fire brick 22 disposed directly beneath the walls 20.

Supported in any suitable manner in the flues 21 between the walls 20 thereof are baflies 23 and 2 1. The baffles 23 are disposed intermediate of the height of the walls 20 and directly above the openings 18 which lead from the flues 21 into the flue 5. The baffles 24- are also disposed intermediate of the height of the walls 20, but are located directly above the openings 19 which lead from the flues 21 into the annular flue 9.

Two alined sets of vertical bafiles 25 are arranged in the flues 21 between-the walls 20. These baffles 25 have their lower edges spaced above the upper side of the semicircular members 22 as clearly shown in Fi 1 of the drawings.

upported upon the upper edges of the walls 20 is an intersticed floor 26 which is constructed in a well known manner of a plurality of fire bricks.

In using the kiln the bricks 01' whatever ware is to be burned is placed within the kiln upon the floor 26, entrance to the kiln being had through the doors 2. After the ware has been placed in the kiln and the doors closed, fires are started in the furnaces or fire boxes 3 and the hot gases, smoke and the products of combustion pass into the interior of the kiln through the upright flues or bags 1. Assuming for the time being that the dampers 14 and 15 are open, a draft will be created in the kiln and the hot gases will pass downwardly through and around the ware and through the intersticed floor 26 into the parallel flues 21. In passing around the baflies 23, 241 and25 disposed in the flues 21 on its way into the flues 5 and 9, the heated gases will be more or less finely divided and retarded so that-the floor of the kiln will be effectively heated. From the flues 5 and 9, the gases will pass into the flue 6 and from the latter into the smoke stack 12. If it is desired to check the burning of the ware in one side of the kiln, the corresponding damper 141 is closed. The draft through this side of the kiln will thereby be reduced as what gases pass through the portions of the flues 5 and 9 disposed on this side of the kiln will pass through a circuitous path by reason of the fact that after emitting from the flue 9 into the enlarged portion of the flue 6 they will have to flow inwardly around the rear end of the wall 13. The draft through the portions of the flues 5 and 6 disposed on the other side of the kiln will not be effected by the closing of the above referred to damper 14 except that it will possibly be increased. The result of this action in the flues will be to increase the draft through the intersticed floor on one side of the kiln and to decrease it through the floor on the other side so that the heated gases issuing from the furnaces 3 are passed through and around the ware disposed on the side of the kiln where the draft is the strongest. By closing the damper 14 instead of the one above described, the draft through the kiln will be increased in the opposite side of the kiln. As heretofore explained, the damper 15 controls the entire draft through the kiln and all of the flues and is used in checking the fire in the furnaces 3.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the construction, use and operation of the invention will be readily understood. It will be seen that the objects of the invention have been effectively carried out, as the bottom of the kiln is provided with a novel arrangement of flues and dampers so that hot gases passing through the kiln may be controlled to pass through any part thereof.

In the drawings, the annular flue 9 is shown as being circular, but it need not be such as long as it is continuous and it communicates with the two crossed flues 5 and 6. It is therefore to be. understood that in the claims the word annular does not necessarily mean circular, but it is intended to mean any shape so long as the flue 9 is continuous.

Various changes in form, proportion, and in the minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A kiln bottom comprising a pair of crossed flues communicating with each other at their point of intersection, one of said flues being open at the top to communication with the interior of the kiln and one end of the other flue forming an outlet to a stack, and an annular flue intersecting and communicating with said crossed flues and being open at the top to communication with the interior of the kiln.

2. A kiln bottom comprising a pair of crossed flues communicating with each other at their point of intersection, one of said flues being open at the top and one end of the other flue forming an outlet to a stack, an annular flue intersecting and communieating with said crossed flues and being open at the top, spaced parallel flues disposed above said crossed and said annular flues and leading into the open tops of the same, said parallel flues being open at the top, and an intersticed floor disposed above said parallel flues.

3. A kiln bottom comprising a. pair'of crossed flues communicating with each other at their point of intersection, one of said flues forming an outlet to a stack, spaced arches disposed between thewalls of the other flue and forming spaced openings therebetween, an annular flue intersecting and communicating with said crossed flues, additional spaced arches disposed between the walls of said annular flue and forming spaced openings therebetween, said additionalarches being alined with the first mentioned arches, spaced parallel walls supported upon the alined arches and forming parallel flues therebetween, said parallel flues lea-ding into said openings formed by said arches, and an intersticed floor supported by said walls. 7

4. A kiln bottom comprising a pair of crossed flues communicating with each other at their point of intersection, one of said flues being open at the top and one end of the other flue forming an outlet to a stack, an annular flue communicating with said crossed fines and being open at the top, spaced parallel flues disposed above said crossed and said annular flues and lead ing into the open tops of the latter, said parallel flues being open at the top, horizontal baflles disposed in said parallel flues.

above the open tops of said crossed and said annular flues, and an intersticed floor disposed above said parallel flues.

5. A kiln bottom comprising a pair of crossed flues communicating with each other at their point of intersection, one of said flues being open at the top and one end of the other flue forming an outlet to a stack, an annular flue communicating with said crossed fines and being open at the top, spaced parallel flues disposed above said crossed and said annular flues and leading into the open tops of the latter, said parallel flues being open at the top, horizontal baflles disposed in said parallel flues intermediate of the height thereof and above the open tops of said crossed and said annular flues, vertical baffles disposed in said parallel flues between said horizontal baffles, and an intersticed floor disposed above said parallel flues.

6. A kiln bottom comprising a main flue open at the top, a transverse flue crossing said main flue and communicating with the latter at its point of intersection with the same, said transverse flue forming an outlet to a stack, an annular flue intersecting and communicating with said main and said transverse flues and bein open at the top, and means disposed in the outlet portion of said transverse flue for increasing the draft through a portion of said main flue and said annular flue and decreasing the draft through the remaining portions of saidmain and said annular flues.

7. A kiln bottom comprising a main flue open at the top, a transverse flue crossing said main flue and communicating with the latter at its point of intersection with the same, one end of said transverse flue forming an outlet to a stack, an annular flue intersecting and communicating with said main and said transverse flues, a longitudinal wall disposed in the outlet end of said transverse flue adjacent the point of intersection of said annular flue with said outlet end of said transverse flue, and independent dampers mounted between said wall and the walls of the outlet end of said transverse flue.

8. A kiln bottom comprising a main flue open at the top, a transverse flue crossing said main flue and communicating with the latter at its point of intersection with the same, an annular flue intersecting and communicating with said main and said transverse flues, one end of said transverse flue forming an outlet to a stack, an upright wall arranged longitudinally in the outlet end of said transverse flue adjacent the point of intersection of said annular flue with said outlet end of said transverse flue, the inner end of said wall being disposed inwardly of the point of intersection of said annular flue and said outlet endof said transverse flue and the outer end of said wall being disposed outwardly of this point of intersection, and independent dampers mounted between said wall adjacent the outer end thereof and the walls of the outlet end of said transverse flue.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

CHARLES E. CARPENTER. 

